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What's My Line? Exploring the Expressive Capacity of Lines in Scientific Visualization

Simulated current visualization, a birds-eye-view of currents that originated from different locations within the Gulf of Mexico and are defined by their line texture. (E3SM climate model, LANL, U.S. Dept. of Energy) Visualization of currents originating from different locations within the Gulf of Mexico, a 3D perspective. The currents are visually defined by their line texture. (E3SM climate model, LANL, U.S. Dept. of Energy) Line set categories.

Data is moving beyond the scientific community, flooding communication channels and addressing issues of importance to all aspects of daily life. This highlights the need for rich and expressive data representations to communicate the science on which society rests and on which society must act. However, current visualization techniques often lack the broad visual vocabulary needed to accommodate the explosion in data scale, diversity and audience perspectives. While previous work has mined artistic and design knowledge for colour maps and shape affordances (glyphs) in visualization, line encoding has received little attention. In this paper we report on an exploration of visual properties that extend the vocabulary of the line, particularly for categorical encoding. We describe the creation of a corpus of lines motivated by artistic practice, gestalt theory and design principles and present initial results from a study of how different visual properties influence how people associate these into sets of similar lines. While very preliminary, the findings suggest a rich set of line visual features to support both association and categorical hierarchies, and provoke further inquiry into how and why line encoding can be more expressive encoding multivariate, multidimensional data.

Contributors

Francesca Samsel

Francesca Samsel
Texas Advanced Computing Center, University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas, United States

Focusing on multidisciplinary collaboration, Francesca Samsel, a research scientist who trained as an artist, collaborates with environmental scientists, scientific visualization research teams, applying her artistic voice to the science that underpins the climate challenges of this generation.

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Dr. Lyn Bartram
School of Interactive Art and Technology, Simon Fraser University
Surrey, British Columbia, Canada

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Dr. Greg Abram
Texas Advanced Computing Center, University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas, United States

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Anne Bowen
Texas Advanced Computing Center, University of Texa
Austin, Texas, United States